Perkembangan Pola Pemecahan Masalah Anak Usia Sekolah dalam Memecahkan Permasalahan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
(1) Kampus Uncen Abepura Jayapura, Republik Indonesia
(2) Jurusan Fisika, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
(3) Jurusan Fisika, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Penelitian yang mengungkap pola pemecahan masalah sudah banyak dilakukan, tetapi belum ada yang mengungkap perkembangan pola pemecahan masalah manusia, khususnya untuk pemecahan masalah dalam bidang fisika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perkembangan pola pemecahan masalah pada anak usia sekolah. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui tes tertulis dan wawancara dengan mengajukan permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan fisika dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah studi perkembangan dengan metode Cross-Sectional. Subyek penelitian ini berjumlah 25 orang anak usia sekolah kelas IV SD hingga kelas XII SMA, dengan mengambil tiga orang setiap tingkatan kelas kecuali kelas XII SMA yang hanya diambil satu orang. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan pada anak rentang kelas IV SD hingga XII SMA ditemukan empat pola pemecahan masalah, yaitu Intuitive Problem Solving, Primitive Problem Solving, Hipotetic Problem Solving, dan Expert Problem Solving. Pola-pola tersebut menunjukkan sebuah tahapan perkembangan pemecahan masalah pada anak usia sekolah. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan memecahkan masalah berkembang seiring perkembangan manusia.
ABSTRACT
There are many study to reveal pattern of problem solving, but there is no study that reveal the development of human problem solving, especially in physics problem solving. This study aims at describing the development of problem solving pattern of school-age children. Data were obtained through a written test and interview by asking question related to daily physics problem. This study was study of the development that used the Cross-Sectional method. Subject of this study were 25 school-age children of fourth grade until twelfth grade. There were three students taken from each grade level except the twelfth grade which was only supports by onestudent. Results of this study showed that there were four patterns of problem solving of fourth grade until twelfth grade children, those were Intuitive Problem Solving, Primitive Problem Solving, Hipotetic Problem Solving, and Expert Problem Solving. This patterns showed a stage of problem solving development of school-age children. It was concluded that problem solving ability grows during the development of human.
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