Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Material Nanokomposit CNT/MnO2 Untuk Aplikasi Material Superkapasitor
(1) Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH., Tembalang Semarang
(2) Jurusan Fisika, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika – Universitas Dipoengoro
(3) Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika – Universitas Diponegoro
(4) Pusat Penelitian Fisika – Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
Abstract
Telah dilakukan fabrikasi material nanokomposit CNT/MnO2 sebagai material elektroda superkapasitor dengan reaksi redox antara CNT dan KMnO4. Variasi komposisi dari kedua bahan tersebut dilakukan untuk mengetahui sifat struktur, morfologi dan kelistrikannya dengan perbandingan massa CNT/MnO2 sebesar 0, 25, 50 dan 75%. Pola struktur kristal dan morfologi dari material serbuk nanokomposit CNT/MnO2 dikarakterisasi dengan X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) dan transmission electron microscope (TEM), sedangkan pola ikatannya dikarakterisasi dengan FTIR. Serbuk nanokomposit CNT/MnO2 ini selanjutnya dibuat pellet berbentuk silinder berukuran diameter 1 cm dan ketebalan 2 mm dengan variasi penambahan pengikat polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) sebesar 10, 20 dan 30% dari campuran CNT/MnO2. Pellet dari material CNT/MnO2 ini selanjutnya dipanaskan pada temperatur 70 oC selama 1 jam. Hasil pengukuran resistansinya menunjukkan bahwa material CNT/MnO2 dengan perbandingan massa CNT/MnO2 sebesar 75% dan penambahan pengikat PVDF sebesar 20% menunjukkan nilai resistansi yang paling rendah. Selanjutnya prototip superkapasitor CNT/MnO2 dengan menggunakan PVDF sebesar 20% diukur dengan metode electrochemical impedance spectroscopy menghasilkan nilai kapasitansi spesifik sebesar 7,86 F/gr.
Nanocomposite materials CNT/MnO2 have been fabricated as candidate of supercapacitor electrode material with a redox reaction between CNT and KMnO4. Variations in the composition of the two materials were carried out to determine the structure, morphology and electrical properties of CNT/MnO2 with mass ratio of 0, 25, 50 and 75 %. Pattern of the crystal structure and morphology of the CNT/MnO2 nanocomposite powder were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), while the bond pattern was characterized by FTIR. CNT/MnO2 nanocomposite powder was managed to make cylindrical pellets with diameter of 1 cm and thickness of 2 mm with variations addition of binder polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) of 10, 20 and 30%. Pellets of the material were then heated at a temperature of 70 oC for 1 hour. Resistance measurement results showed that the ratio of the mass of material CNT/MnO2 by 75% and additions by 20% PVDF binder showed the lowest resistance value. Furthermore, CNT/MnO2 supercapacitor prototype using PVDF of 20% measured with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method showed specific capacitance of 7.86 F/gr.
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